Polymorphism of CRISPR shows separated natural groupings of Shigella subtypes and evidence of horizontal transfer of CRISPR

RNA Biology
Chaojie YangHongbin Song

Abstract

Clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) act as an adaptive RNA-mediated immune mechanism in bacteria. They can also be used for identification and evolutionary studies based on polymorphisms within the CRISPR locus. We amplified and analyzed 6 CRISPR loci from 237 Shigella strains belonging to the 4 species groups, as well as 13 Escherichia coli strains. The CRISPR-associated (cas) gene sequence arrays of these strains were screened and compared. The CRISPR sequences from Shigella were conserved among subtypes, suggesting that CRISPR may represent a new identification tool for the detection and discrimination of Shigella species. Secondary structure analysis showed a different stem-loop structure at the terminal repeat, suggesting a distinct recognition mechanism in the formation of crRNA. In addition, the presence of "self-target" spacers and polymorphisms within CRISPR in Shigella indicated a selective pressure for inhibition of this system, which has the potential to damage "self DNA." Homology analysis of spacers showed that CRISPR might be involved in the regulation of virulence transmission. Phylogenetic analysis based on CRISPR sequences from Shigella and E. coli indicated that although pheno...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 11, 2016·Future Microbiology·Pauline Ogrodzki, Stephen James Forsythe
Jan 13, 2018·Pathogens and Disease·Liliana Medina-AparicioIsmael Hernández-Lucas
Feb 6, 2017·Journal of Basic Microbiology·Juntao ShenGuoqiang Chen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
genotyping
PCR

Software Mentioned

BLASTn
SeqMan
DNAstar
DNAstar package
CRISPR Finder
BioNumerics

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