PMID: 8974313Jan 1, 1994Paper

Polymorphisms of ethanol metabolizing enzyme genes and alcoholism

Alcohol and Alcoholism. Supplement
S Higuchi

Abstract

This study is intended to establish the genotype patterns at the ADH2, ADH3, and ALDH2 loci using a large number of Japanese alcoholics (n = 655) and controls (n = 461) representative of the Japanese general population. It complements an earlier small study and establishes definitively the effects of combinations of the genetic variations of the ADH2 and ADH3 alleles as well as ALDH2, thus providing a precise estimate of the risk for alcoholism. In this study, the alleles ADH2(2), ADH3(1), and ALDH2(2) appeared less frequently in alcoholics than in the general population (p < 0.001). The ADH2(3) allele was not found among 200 alcoholics and 200 controls screened, suggesting that it does not exist in indigenous Japanese. The ADH2(1)/ADH2(2) polymorphism was in linkage disequilibrium with the ADH3(1)/ADH3(2) polymorphism. The haplotype frequencies of ADH2 and ADH3 genes were estimated in the Japanese general and alcoholic populations. Increased risk for alcoholism was shown in individuals with homozygous ALDH2(1) and the ADH2(1) allele (p < 0.001), but the relative risk was less than 1 in those with the homozygous ADH2(2). Japanese with ALDH2(1)/2(2) had a low risk in the presence of the ADH2(2) (p < 0.001), but the risk was sign...Continue Reading

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.