Polymyxins-Curcumin Combination Antimicrobial Therapy: Safety Implications and Efficacy for Infection Treatment

Antioxidants
Chongshan DaiXilong Xiao

Abstract

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria poses a huge health challenge. The therapeutic use of polymyxins (i.e., colistin and polymyxin B) is commonplace due to high efficacy and limiting treatment options for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity are the major dose-limiting factors that limit the therapeutic window of polymyxins; nephrotoxicity is a complication in up to ~60% of patients. The emergence of polymyxin-resistant strains or polymyxin heteroresistance is also a limiting factor. These caveats have catalyzed the search for polymyxin combinations that synergistically kill polymyxin-susceptible and resistant organisms and/or minimize the unwanted side effects. Curcumin-an FDA-approved natural product-exerts many pharmacological activities. Recent studies showed that polymyxins-curcumin combinations showed a synergistically inhibitory effect on the growth of bacteria (e.g., Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria) in vitro. Moreover, curcumin co-administration ameliorated colistin-induced nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and apoptosis. In this review, we summarize the curr...Continue Reading

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Sep 17, 2020·Pharmaceutics·Dmitrii IudinEvgenia Korzhikova-Vlakh
Apr 23, 2021·Human & Experimental Toxicology·A M Kabel, S A Salama
May 21, 2021·Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology·Fatemeh Jafari, Sepideh Elyasi

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