Polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of melanoma: A Mendelian randomisation analysis

International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer
Upekha E LiyanageStuart MacGregor

Abstract

Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, mainly affecting populations of European ancestry. Some observational studies suggest that particular diets reduce melanoma risk, putatively through an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption. However, interpretation of these observational findings is difficult due to residual confounding or reverse causality. To date, a randomized controlled trial has not been carried out to examine the relationship between PUFAs and melanoma. Hence, we performed a Mendelian randomisation (MR) study to evaluate the link between PUFAs and melanoma. To perform MR, we used summary results from the largest risk genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of melanoma, consisting of 12,874 cases and 23,203 controls. As instrumental variables we selected SNPs associated with PUFA levels from a GWAS meta-analysis of PUFA levels, from the CHARGE consortium. We used the inverse variance weighted method to estimate a causal odds ratio. To aid interpretation, we established a benchmark "large" predicted change in PUFAs in which, for example, an increase in docosahexaenoic acid (DPA) of 0.17 units (equal to 1 standard deviation) moves a person from the 17th percentile to the median. Ra...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 12, 2019·Cancer Medicine·Jiaqing LiuLi Zhang
Nov 5, 2019·European Journal of Nutrition·Yasutake TomataSara Hägg
Jul 28, 2020·Molecular Biology Reports·Fatma Aydoğmuş-ÖztürkMuhammad Iqbal Choudhary
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Apr 6, 2019·Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology·Upekha E LiyanageStuart MacGregor
May 14, 2021·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Kai WangKe Yao
Jun 6, 2021·Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology·Mathias SeviiriStuart MacGregor

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