Population Differentiation in Common Walnut (Juglans regia L.) across Major Parts of Its Native Range-Insights from Molecular and Morphometric Data

The Journal of Heredity
Wladimir RoorThomas Geburek

Abstract

Juglans regia is an economically highly important species for fruit and wood production in the warm temperate and subtropical zones of the Northern Hemisphere. Besides the natural influence of climatic and geomorphological barriers, its genetic structure has been strongly modified by humans and the population history is still unclear. For this reason, we investigated mainly natural walnut populations across the Eurasian continent on a molecular (44 populations, 581 trees) and morphometric level (23 populations, 1391 ripe nuts). Population genetic diversity and differentiation were examined by using 7 microsatellite loci. Morphometric characteristics of the nuts (mainly roundness index and nut density) were used to estimate trait variation and population differentiation. Highest allelic richness Rs12 = 7.05 was observed in a Pakistani and the lowest value Rs12 = 3.04 in a Kyrgyz population. The genetic differentiation among populations was high (FST = 0.217; RST = 0.530) indicating a strong phylogeographic pattern. While variation of the roundness index within single populations was high, this trait neither differentiated geographical regions nor was it associated to genetic clusters. Approximated QST based on this trait equalle...Continue Reading

References

Apr 12, 1994·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A Di RienzoN B Freimer
May 16, 2002·The Journal of Heredity·K WoesteC Michler
May 25, 2005·Molecular Ecology·Dany Garant, Loeske E B Kruuk
Apr 5, 2011·Journal of Evolutionary Biology·J E Brommer
Jun 1, 2012·Molecular Ecology·M Zachariah PeeryPer J Palsbøll

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