Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Dexmedetomidine in Children Undergoing Ambulatory Surgery

Anesthesia and Analgesia
María-Gabriela Pérez-GuilléGustavo Lugo-Goytia

Abstract

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is an α-2 adrenergic agonist with sedative and analgesic properties. Although not approved for pediatric use by the Food and Drug Administration, DEX is increasingly used in pediatric anesthesia and critical care. However, very limited information is available regarding the pharmacokinetics of DEX in children. The aim of this study was to investigate DEX pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) in Mexican children 2-18 years of age who were undergoing outpatient surgical procedures. Thirty children 2-18 years of age with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status score of I/II were enrolled in this study. DEX (0.7 μg/kg) was administered as a single-dose intravenous infusion. Venous blood samples were collected, and plasma DEX concentrations were analyzed with a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Population PK-PD models were constructed using the Monolix program. A 2-compartment model adequately described the concentration-time relationship. The parameters were standardized for a body weight of 70 kg by using an allometric model. Population parameters estimates were as follows: mean (between-subject variability): clear...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jul 18, 2019·European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·Sven C van DijkmanOscar Della Pasqua
Aug 28, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Mohamed MahmoudKeira P Mason
May 3, 2019·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·James D MorseBrian J Anderson
Oct 30, 2020·European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·Camille E van HoornJurgen C de Graaff
Nov 1, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·James D MorseBrian J Anderson
May 30, 2021·Revista española de anestesiología y reanimación·R Eizaga RebollarL M Torres Morera
Jun 5, 2021·Paediatric Anaesthesia·James D MorseBrian J Anderson

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
sedation

Software Mentioned

SPSS
Monolix

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