Population Structure of a Widespread Species under Balancing Selection: The Case of Arbutus unedo L

Frontiers in Plant Science
Xabier SantisoRodolfo Barreiro

Abstract

Arbutus unedo L. is an evergreen shrub with a circum-Mediterranean distribution that also reaches the Eurosiberian region in northern Iberia, Atlantic France, and a disjunct population in southern Ireland. Due to the variety of climatic conditions across its distribution range, the populations of A. unedo were expected to display local adaptation. Conversely, common garden experiments revealed that diverse genotypes from a range of provenances produce similar phenotypes through adaptive plasticity, suggesting the action of stabilizing selection across its climatically heterogeneous range. Nonetheless, since a uniform response might also result from extensive gene flow, we have inferred the population structure of A. unedo and assessed whether its extended and largely one-dimensional range influences gene flow with the help of AFLP genotypes for 491 individuals from 19 populations covering the whole range of the species. As we had anticipated, gene flow is restricted in A. unedo, providing further support to the hypothesis that stabilizing selection is the most likely explanation for the homogeneous phenotypes along the range. The Euro-Siberian populations were not particularly isolated from the Mediterranean. Instead, there was...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
genotyping

Software Mentioned

GenAlex
GeneMarker
STRUCTURE
AFLP
BAPS
CLUMPP
SURV
Primer
AFLPsurv
SAMOVA

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