Positive visual phenomena in space: A scientific case and a safety issue in space travel

Vision Research
W G SannitaP Picozza

Abstract

Most astronauts on Apollo, Skylab, and MIR reported 'flashes of light' occurring in different shapes and apparently moving across the visual field, in the absence of auditory, somatosensory, or olfactory abnormal percepts. A temporal correlation with heavy nuclei or protons has been documented in space and comparable phosphenes were observed by volunteers whose eyes were exposed to accelerated heavy ions at intensities below the threshold for Cerenkov visible radiation. An interaction between heavy ions and the retina was suggested. However, the biophysics of heavy ions or protons action remains undefined, the effects on photoreceptors and neuroretina have not been differentiated, and some direct action on the visual cortex never ruled out. Phosphenes are common in migraine and are known to occur also in response to the electrical stimulation of ganglion cells (in retinas without photoreceptors), optic pathways or visual cortex, with mechanisms that bypass the chemically gated channels. Intrinsic photosensitive ganglion cells exist in the retina of teleost fish and mammals. In the hypothesis of a peculiar sensitivity to subatomic particles of the visual system, phosphenes due to the activation of processes by-passing the photor...Continue Reading

References

Aug 8, 1975·Science·P J McNultyV P Bond
Apr 23, 1971·Nature·W N CharmanJ V Jelley
Aug 20, 1971·Nature·W N Charman, C M Rowlands
Aug 6, 1971·Nature·I R McAulay
Oct 13, 1972·Science·P J McNultyK G Vosburgh
Jul 9, 1999·Vision Research·R A NormannD J Warren
Feb 10, 2000·ASAIO Journal : a Peer-reviewed Journal of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs·W H Dobelle
Sep 7, 2001·Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)·M E Vazquez, E Kirk
Sep 7, 2001·Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)·V BidoliW G Sannita
Feb 1, 2002·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·H N SchwahnE Zrenner
Feb 9, 2002·Science·Eberhart Zrenner
Apr 19, 2002·Acta Astronautica·S AvdeevP Spillantini
Aug 6, 2002·Survey of Ophthalmology·Eyal MargalitMark S Humayun
Feb 13, 2003·Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)·L NariciC Fuglesang
Apr 18, 2003·Nature·M CasolinoC Fuglesang
Oct 1, 1955·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·L E LIPETZ
Nov 18, 2003·Artificial Organs·Claude VeraartJean Delbeke
Apr 14, 2004·Archives of Ophthalmology·Alan Y ChowRonald Schuchard
May 27, 2004·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Ellen ClaesSilke Haverkamp
Sep 21, 2004·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Xiaoyun FangYasuo Tano
Apr 5, 2005·Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)·W G SannitaM Vazquez
May 11, 2005·Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)·F A CucinottaJ F Dicello
May 30, 1975·Science·L S PinskyJ V Bailey

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 22, 2010·The Journal of Headache and Pain·Dorothée G A Kasteleijn-Nolst TrenitéPasquale Parisi
Mar 23, 2007·Neuroscience Letters·Walter G SannitaLivio Narici
May 10, 2015·Neuroscience Letters·Simone CarozzoWalter G Sannita
Nov 6, 2012·Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B·Laura PapettiD G A Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité
Apr 16, 2015·PloS One·Timo Wilhelm-BuchstabHeinrich Schüller
Oct 4, 2017·Oncotarget·Thibaud MathisJuliette Thariat
Nov 1, 2018·Military Medical Research·Joseph John Bevelacqua, Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
Nov 5, 2014·Physics in Medicine and Biology·Y HeloA P Gibson
Oct 30, 2020·Eye and Brain·Yosbelkys Martin PaezPrem S Subramanian
May 25, 2021·CNS Spectrums·Donatella MarazzitiKonstantin Loganovsky

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved