Post-Newtonian Dynamics in Dense Star Clusters: Highly Eccentric, Highly Spinning, and Repeated Binary Black Hole Mergers

Physical Review Letters
Carl L RodriguezFrederic A Rasio

Abstract

We present models of realistic globular clusters with post-Newtonian dynamics for black holes. By modeling the relativistic accelerations and gravitational-wave emission in isolated binaries and during three- and four-body encounters, we find that nearly half of all binary black hole mergers occur inside the cluster, with about 10% of those mergers entering the LIGO/Virgo band with eccentricities greater than 0.1. In-cluster mergers lead to the birth of a second generation of black holes with larger masses and high spins, which, depending on the black hole natal spins, can sometimes be retained in the cluster and merge again. As a result, globular clusters can produce merging binaries with detectable spins regardless of the birth spins of black holes formed from massive stars. These second-generation black holes would also populate any upper mass gap created by pair-instability supernovae.

References

Dec 10, 1999·The Astrophysical Journal· Portegies Zwart SF, S L McMillan
Mar 16, 2007·Physical Review Letters·José A GonzálezSascha Husa
Dec 21, 2011·Physical Review Letters·Carlos O Lousto, Yosef Zlochower
Aug 15, 2015·Physical Review Letters·Carl L RodriguezFrederic A Rasio
Feb 27, 2016·Physical Review Letters·B P AbbottUNKNOWN LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration
Jul 2, 2016·Physical Review Letters·B P AbbottUNKNOWN LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration
Jan 1, 2013·Living Reviews in Relativity·Matthew J Benacquista, Jonathan M B Downing
Jun 18, 2017·Physical Review Letters·B P AbbottUNKNOWN LIGO Scientific and Virgo Collaboration
Oct 21, 2017·Physical Review Letters·B P AbbottUNKNOWN LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration
Nov 4, 2017·Physical Review Letters·B P AbbottUNKNOWN LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration

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Citations

Nov 6, 2018·Physical Review Letters·Giacomo Fragione, Bence Kocsis
Nov 26, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Y YangR O'Shaughnessy

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