Posterior fossa tumors in infants and neonates

Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
Pietro SpennatoGiuseppe Cinalli

Abstract

Management of posterior fossa tumors in infants and neonates is challenging. The characteristics of the young babies make surgery very difficult, sometimes precluding a safe complete removal. A review of the literature was undertaken to examine the incidence, histology, surgical aspects, and prognosis of posterior fossa tumors in the first year of life. Therapeutical strategies of the most frequent tumor types are also discussed in detail. Histology is dominated by tumors with aggressive behavior, such as medulloblastomas, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors, and anaplastic ependymomas. The most important surgical considerations in small children are the small circulating blood volume; the poor thermoregulation; and incomplete maturation of the brain, of the skull, and of the soft tissue. Treatment toxicity is inversely related to the age of the patients. Radiation therapy is usually considered as contraindicated in young children, with few exceptions. Proton therapy is a promising tool, but access to this kind of treatment is still limited. The therapeutic limitations of irradiation render resection of this tumor and adjuvant chemotherapy often the only therapeutic strategy in many cases. The overall prognosis remains dismal bec...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 4, 2018·AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology·A F DelgadoA F Delgado
Jan 4, 2020·Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·Eric A GoetheSandi Lam
Apr 10, 2020·Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·Eric A GoetheSandi Lam
Apr 22, 2017·Cellular Oncology (Dordrecht)·Juan YuanMonika M Golas
Feb 9, 2019·Clinical Neuroradiology·C A TaschnerM Prinz
Apr 12, 2021·Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·Malik ZabenPaul Leach
Jun 19, 2021·Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·Amparo SáenzBeatriz Mantese

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