Postnatal maturation of the direct corticospinal projections in the macaque monkey

Cerebral Cortex
M P Galea, I Darian-Smith

Abstract

Postnatal changes in the topography of the multiple corticospinal projections in the macaque monkey were followed using retrogradely transported fluorescent tracers, and related to the monkey's acquisition of manual dexterity; both behavioral and anatomical maturation were completed by about 8 postnatal months. Cortical origins of the corticospinal projections were examined by constructing planar projection maps of the distributions of labeled corticospinal neuron somas; these somas were found only in lamina V. At birth elaborate somatotopically organized corticospinal projections from primary motor cortex (area 4), the mesial supplementary motor area and cingulate areas 23 and 24, area 12, dorsolateral area 6a beta, the dorsolateral and ventral area 6a alpha (area F4), parietal areas 2/5, 7b and the peri-insular cortex (including area SII), were clearly defined, with axons extending to all spinal cord segments. While this pattern of regional projections broadly resembled that of the mature macaque, there were, however, substantial maturational changes during the 8 months after birth. These included (1) a halving of the area of cerebral cortex from which the contralateral corticospinal projection originated and (2) a threefold ...Continue Reading

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