Postoperative Visual Loss Following Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Review of Risk Factors by Diagnosis

World Neurosurgery
Amy LiJohn Ratliff

Abstract

Postoperative visual loss (POVL) is a potentially devastating complication of lumbar spine surgery that may lead to significant functional impairment. Although POVL is rare, a review of the literature shows that it is being reported with increasing frequency. A systematic analysis detailing the etiology and prognosis of the 3 main types of POVL has yet to be published. We reviewed potential preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), and cortical blindness (CB) after lumbar spine surgery. A PubMed and Google literature search was completed in the absence of time constraints. Relevant articles on POVL after spine surgery were identified and reviewed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We identified 4 large-scale studies that statistically analyzed risk factors for POVL. ION, CRAO, and CB were the most frequently reported POVL types in the literature. Data were abstracted from 19 ION case reports, 3 CRAO case reports, and 5 CB case reports. We reviewed the preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for each of the 3 main POVL types, using several published case reports to supplement the limited ...Continue Reading

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Apr 3, 2016·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Anaesthesiology·Matthew C SwannDavid L McDonagh
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