Postsynaptic response kinetics are controlled by a glutamate transporter at cone photoreceptors

Journal of Neurophysiology
L GaalF S Werblin

Abstract

We evaluated the role of the sodium/glutamate transporter at the synaptic terminals of cone photoreceptors in controlling postsynaptic response kinetics. The strategy was to measure the changes in horizontal cell response rate induced by blocking transporter uptake in cones with dihydrokainate (DHK). DHK was chosen as the uptake blocker because, as we show through autoradiographic uptake measurements, DHK specifically blocked uptake in cones without affecting uptake in Mueller cells. Horizontal cells depolarized from about -70 to -20 mV as the exogenous glutamate concentration was increased from approximately 1 to 40 microM, so horizontal cells can serve as "glutamate electrodes" during the light response. DHK slowed the rate of hyperpolarization of the horizontal cells in a dose-dependent way, but didn't affect the kinetics of the cone responses. At 300 microM DHK, the rate of the horizontal cell hyperpolarization was slowed to only 17 +/- 8.5% (mean +/- SD) of control. Translating this to changes in glutamate concentration using the slice dose response curve as calibration in Fig. 2, DHK reduced the rate of removal of glutamate from approximately 0.12 to 0.031 microM/s. The voltage dependence of uptake rate in the transporter...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 20, 1999·Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology·R P Seal, S G Amara
Jun 28, 2000·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·C A VandenbrandenM Kamermans
Nov 1, 2008·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Rebecca G HuMichael Kalloniatis
Jan 24, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Stephen LumayagShunbin Xu
Sep 25, 2002·Physiological Reviews·E A Schwartz
Dec 8, 2004·Visual Neuroscience·Bozena Fyk-KolodziejRoberta G Pourcho
Jun 13, 2008·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Lucia CadettiWallace B Thoreson
Jul 19, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·S EskandariG A Zampighi
Sep 3, 2010·The Journal of Physiology·Matthew J M RowanWen Shen
Oct 12, 2012·Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology·E LevingerI Perlman
Oct 24, 2007·Molecular Neurobiology·Wallace B Thoreson
Feb 24, 2004·Visual Neuroscience·Katalin RablWallace B Thoreson

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