PMID: 9523535Apr 2, 1998Paper

Potential mechanisms of photodynamic inactivation of virus by methylene blue. I. RNA-protein crosslinks and other oxidative lesions in Q beta bacteriophage

Photochemistry and Photobiology
J E SchneiderR A Floyd

Abstract

A spectrum of oxidative lesions was observed in a bacteriophage-based model system that is very sensitive to the photodynamic activity of selected dyes. When suspensions of the intact bacteriophage Q beta were exposed to methylene blue plus light (MB + L), inactivating events, or "hits" occurred that were oxygen-dependent and that were associated with the formation of several specific lesions: (1) carbonyl moieties on proteins, (2) 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua), and (3) single-strand breaks (ssb) in the RNA genome and (4) RNA-protein crosslinks. Formation of carbonyl groups associated with protein in the Q beta phage preparation correlated positively with photoinactivation of the phage with increasing doses of either of the sensitizers MB or rose bengal. Strand breaks in the Q beta genomic RNA were observable at high MB concentrations but appeared not to be significant at the lower concentrations of MB, as full-length Q beta RNA was observable well beyond the 99% inactivation point in MB dosage. It was shown that the number of 8-oxoGua lesions were unlikely to be sufficient to account for the number of lethal events. Following exposure to MB + L, crosslink formation between Q beta RNA and protein was observed by virtue of...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 1, 2004·Antiviral Research·Robert A FloydDirk P Dittmer
Jul 7, 2001·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·S DaviesM E Boulton
Dec 19, 2000·International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents·M Wainwright

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