Potential Pitfalls of the Humanized Mice in Modeling Sepsis

International Journal of Inflammation
Krzysztof LaudanskiArpit Patel

Abstract

Humanized mice are a state-of-the-art tool used to study several diseases, helping to close the gap between mice and human immunology. This review focuses on the potential obstacles in the analysis of immune system performance between humans and humanized mice in the context of severe acute inflammation as seen in sepsis or other critical care illnesses. The extent to which the reconstituted human immune system in mice adequately compares to the performance of the human immune system in human hosts is still an evolving question. Although certain viral and protozoan infections can be replicated in humanized mice, whether a highly complex and dynamic systemic inflammation like sepsis can be accurately represented by current humanized mouse models in a clinically translatable manner is unclear. Humanized mice are xenotransplant animals in the most general terms. Several organs (e.g., bone marrow mesenchymal cells, endothelium) cannot interact with the grafted human leukocytes effectively due to species specificity. Also the interaction between mice gut flora and the human immune system may be paradoxical. Often, grafting is performed utilizing an identical batch of stem cells in highly inbred animals which fails to account for hum...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 24, 2020·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Sara E HamiltonThomas S Griffith
Jul 13, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Tomasz SkireckiMarcin F Osuchowski
Oct 1, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Daniel M MrochenSilva Holtfreter

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