Potential relation between soluble growth differentiation factor-15 and testosterone deficiency in male patients with coronary artery disease

Cardiovascular Diabetology
Huan LiuYan Li

Abstract

There is a mutual interaction between inflammation and endocrine disorders in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is associated with CAD, and the effects of testosterone on CAD as reported in literature have been considered as anti-atherosclerotic. The present study aimed to examine the possible association between serum GDF-15 and testosterone in male CAD patients. GDF-15 and testosterone concentrations were determined in blood samples of 426 male patients with CAD and 220 male controls. Serum concentrations of hs-CRP, and other baseline characteristics were also measured. Serum levels of GDF-15 were higher in CAD patients when compared to controls, and testosterone concentrations were lower (p < 0.001). Patients with low testosterone levels had higher concentrations of GDF-15 (p < 0.001). In stratified analyses, inverse relations between GDF-15 levels and testosterone were noted for almost all strata, stratified by categories of hs-CRP, leukocytes, neutrophils, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, glucose, HDL-c, and LDL-c, and whether had hypertension, diabetes, and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Furthermore, in the linear regression models with bootstra...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
hormone replace therapy
pharmacotherapy
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
SPSS

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