Power generation by reverse electrodialysis in a single-layer nanoporous membrane made from core-rim polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Nature Nanotechnology
Xue LiuGrégory F Schneider

Abstract

Nanoporous graphene and related atomically thin layered materials are promising candidates in reverse electrodialysis research owing to their remarkable ionic conductivity and high permselectivity. The synthesis of atomically thin nanoporous membranes with a narrow pore size distribution, however, remains challenging. Here, we report the fabrication of nanoporous carbon membranes via the thermal crosslinking of core-rim structured monomers, that is, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The mechanically robust, centimetre-sized membrane has a pore size of 3.6 ± 1.8 nm and a thickness of 2.0 ± 0.5 nm. When applied to reverse electrodialysis, the nanoporous carbon membrane offers a high short-circuit current with an output power density of 67 W m-2, which is about two orders of magnitude beyond that of the classic ion-exchange membranes and current prototype nanoporous membranes reported in the literature. Crosslinked and atomically thin porous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon membranes therefore represent new scaffolds that will revolutionize the rapidly developing fields of sustainable energy and membrane technology.

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Citations

Jun 10, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Zhen ZhangXinliang Feng
Jan 6, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Govindarasu RamasamyMeyyappan Narayanan
Jan 22, 2021·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Yakang JinZhigang Li
Sep 14, 2021·Nanoscale·Chonghang ZhaoYu-Chen Karen Chen-Wiegart

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
atomic
scanning
transmission electron microscopy
AFM
nuclear magnetic resonance
NMR
thermal treatment

Software Mentioned

MestReNova
ADF2018
TIP4P
Ew
GROMACS
Visual Molecular Dynamics ( VMD )
Topspin
SPINAL
PACKMOL18

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