Power reduction and the radial limit of stall delay in revolving wings of different aspect ratio

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
Jan W KruytDavid Lentink

Abstract

Airplanes and helicopters use high aspect ratio wings to reduce the power required to fly, but must operate at low angle of attack to prevent flow separation and stall. Animals capable of slow sustained flight, such as hummingbirds, have low aspect ratio wings and flap their wings at high angle of attack without stalling. Instead, they generate an attached vortex along the leading edge of the wing that elevates lift. Previous studies have demonstrated that this vortex and high lift can be reproduced by revolving the animal wing at the same angle of attack. How do flapping and revolving animal wings delay stall and reduce power? It has been hypothesized that stall delay derives from having a short radial distance between the shoulder joint and wing tip, measured in chord lengths. This non-dimensional measure of wing length represents the relative magnitude of inertial forces versus rotational accelerations operating in the boundary layer of revolving and flapping wings. Here we show for a suite of aspect ratios, which represent both animal and aircraft wings, that the attachment of the leading edge vortex on a revolving wing is determined by wing aspect ratio, defined with respect to the centre of revolution. At high angle of at...Continue Reading

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Aug 1, 2014·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Jan W KruytDavid Lentink

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Citations

Jun 23, 2016·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Mostafa R A Nabawy, William J Crowther
Apr 1, 2016·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Diana D Chin, David Lentink
Jun 22, 2018·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·T Jardin, T Colonius
Sep 8, 2017·Royal Society Open Science·Yonathan AchacheYossef Elimelech
Jan 28, 2017·Bioinspiration & Biomimetics·Yanghai NanAndré Preumont
Apr 29, 2016·Bioinspiration & Biomimetics·Y J LeeK S Yeo
Sep 10, 2016·Bioinspiration & Biomimetics·Y J LeeT T Lim
Aug 16, 2018·Royal Society Open Science·Shantanu S BhatMark C Thompson
Jul 28, 2017·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Mostafa R A Nabawy, William J Crowther
Jul 24, 2020·Bioinspiration & Biomimetics·Reynolds Addo-AkotoJae-Hung Han
Jul 21, 2021·Computers in Biology and Medicine·Chao LiuJiyu Sun
Jul 8, 2021·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Svana RogallaMatthew D Shawkey
Nov 13, 2021·Bioinspiration & Biomimetics·Jong-Seob Han, Christian Breitsamter

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