Practice effects on the timing and magnitude of antagonist activity during ballistic elbow flexion to a target

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport
D A Gabriel, J P Boucher

Abstract

This study examined changes in antagonist timing and magnitude in response to ballistic elbow flexion practice. Seventeen men performed 400 ballistic elbow flexion trials to a target in the horizontal plane over 4 days of testing. A potentiometer and microswitch system at the elbow axis of rotation of a manipulandum recorded angular displacement and movement onset. Surface electrodes (Beckman Ag/AgCl) monitored the triceps brachii lateral head, and the electromyographic (EMG) signals were bandpassed between 20 and 300 Hz. The antagonist EMG burst was divided in two: early low-level activity (ANT1), and the large portion of the burst which occurs near target achievement (ANT2). Movement time decreased from 178 ms on the first test day to 136 ms on the last session. As practice improved the speed of limb movement, onset of the first component (ANT1) remained unchanged, while the second component (ANT2) started earlier. The magnitude of both portions of the antagonist burst increased from the first to last test day, but the change in ANT2 relative to ANT1 was more pronounced. These findings are used to explain discrepant observations in the literature for the temporal measure.

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Citations

Jul 2, 2008·Experimental Brain Research·Dana MaslovatIan M Franks
May 8, 2000·Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport·J C IvesW Kroll
Oct 25, 2011·Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology : Official Journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology·Daniel L BelavýCarolyn A Richardson
Nov 13, 2007·Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology : Official Journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology·N F Marconi, G L Almeida
Dec 29, 2000·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·C A Knight, G E Caldwell
Apr 1, 2011·Journal of Applied Biomechanics·Marco HagenPeter Stieldorf
Nov 12, 2014·Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport·Alberto Encarnación-MartínezSalvador Llana-Belloch
Oct 26, 1999·Motor Control·S Morrison, J G Anson

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