PMID: 9438680Jan 23, 1998Paper

Precipitating factors in spontaneous recurrence of methamphetamine psychosis

Psychopharmacology
K YuiS Ikemoto

Abstract

This paper examines noradrenergic hyperactivity in response to stress in the development of spontaneous recurrences of methamphetamine (MAP) psychosis, a phenomenon known as flashbacks, in studies of psychedelic drug use. We studied predictors of flashbacks in 36 subjects with flashbacks, along with 80 subjects with a history of MAP psychosis who did not experience flashbacks. Plasma monoamine metabolite levels were assayed in 26 of the 36 subjects with flashbacks, 16 of the 80 subjects without flashbacks, nine subjects with persistent MAP psychosis, and 28 normal controls. None of the 28 controls became psychotic. A square root transformation was applied to all monoaminergic values, resulting in data nearly normally distributed. The subjects with flashbacks had been exposed to stressful events or threatening paranoid-hallucinatory states or both during previous MAP use. Most flashbacks occurred under conditions that provoked a mild fear of other people. Plasma norepinephrine levels were markedly increased during flashbacks. Thus, stressful experiences together with MAP use may have induced noradrenergic hyperreactivity to a mild stress, which in turn may elicit memories of MAP psychosis associated with stressful experiences. A...Continue Reading

Citations

May 9, 2000·Journal of Psychoactive Drugs·J M HawkeG De Leon
Jun 16, 1999·Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology·U Halbreich
Apr 1, 2003·CNS Drugs·Torbjörn BäckströmDi Zhu
Oct 29, 2013·Women's Health·Andrea J Rapkin, Erin I Lewis
Sep 24, 2004·Psychosomatic Medicine·Shirley Ann HartlageHoward M Kravitz
Jan 23, 2009·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Steven J ShoptawWalter Ling
Nov 21, 2000·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·K YuiS Ikemoto
Jul 20, 2007·CNS Spectrums·S E LindleyJ Sheikh

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