Precision, Reliability, and Effect Size of Slope Variance in Latent Growth Curve Models: Implications for Statistical Power Analysis

Frontiers in Psychology
Andreas M BrandmaierChristopher Hertzog

Abstract

Latent Growth Curve Models (LGCM) have become a standard technique to model change over time. Prediction and explanation of inter-individual differences in change are major goals in lifespan research. The major determinants of statistical power to detect individual differences in change are the magnitude of true inter-individual differences in linear change (LGCM slope variance), design precision, alpha level, and sample size. Here, we show that design precision can be expressed as the inverse of effective error. Effective error is determined by instrument reliability and the temporal arrangement of measurement occasions. However, it also depends on another central LGCM component, the variance of the latent intercept and its covariance with the latent slope. We derive a new reliability index for LGCM slope variance-effective curve reliability (ECR)-by scaling slope variance against effective error. ECR is interpretable as a standardized effect size index. We demonstrate how effective error, ECR, and statistical power for a likelihood ratio test of zero slope variance formally relate to each other and how they function as indices of statistical power. We also provide a computational approach to derive ECR for arbitrary intercept...Continue Reading

References

Jul 1, 1993·Psychological Bulletin·R C MacCallumL R Fabrigar
Jun 11, 1999·The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences·B JohanssonG E McClearn
Dec 13, 2006·Psychological Methods·Reinoud D StoelGodfried van den Wittenboer
Jun 17, 2009·The British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology·Timo von Oertzen
Mar 10, 2010·The British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology·Timo von OertzenPaolo Ghisletta
May 2, 2012·Psychological Methods·Ken Kelley, Kristopher J Preacher
Apr 1, 2011·Psychometrika·Steven BokerJohn Fox
Apr 17, 2013·Psychology and Aging·Timo von Oertzen, Andreas M Brandmaier
Apr 17, 2013·BMC Medical Research Methodology·Matthew J GribbinKeith E Muller
Nov 2, 2014·Science·Ulman Lindenberger
Apr 9, 2015·Frontiers in Psychology·Andreas M BrandmaierUlman Lindenberger
Jul 15, 2015·Behavior Research Methods·Wei WuTodd D Little
Oct 1, 1994·Multivariate Behavioral Research·J J McArdle
Jul 1, 1990·Multivariate Behavioral Research·S Lee, S Hershberger
Jan 1, 2000·Multivariate Behavioral Research·M J Rovine, P C Molenaar
Oct 1, 2003·Multivariate Behavioral Research·Patrick J Curran

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 11, 2020·Psychological Science in the Public Interest : a Journal of the American Psychological Society·Martin LövdénElliot M Tucker-Drob
Dec 28, 2018·The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences·Tim D WindsorDenis Gerstorf
Nov 7, 2019·The British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology·Angelika M Stefan, Timo von Oertzen
Jan 29, 2020·Behavior Research Methods·Andreas M BrandmaierTimo von Oertzen
Aug 4, 2020·Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies·Michaela C DeBoltLisa M Oakes
Jan 14, 2021·Journal of Physical Activity & Health·Antje UllrichSabina Ulbricht
Nov 3, 2020·Journal of Adult Development·Alexandria R EbertJulie Hicks Patrick

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

SIMR
PinT
OpenMx
simsem
Mplus
LIFESPAN
R
LGCM

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.