Predicting human norovirus infectivity - Recent advances and continued challenges

Food Microbiology
Clyde S ManuelLee-Ann Jaykus

Abstract

Human norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness globally, imposing a considerable public health and economic burden. Historically, one of the major obstacles to the study of human noroviruses has been the lack of an in vitro cultivation system. In addition to hindering elucidation of viral pathogenesis, research efforts have been limited by the inability to discriminate infectious from non-infectious viral particles. Two recent breakthrough human norovirus in vitro cultivation system systems have been reported, but in their current state, may be unsuitable for routine detection or study of human noroviruses in the food and water sciences. More accessible alternative techniques utilizing molecular assays, animal models, and surrogate virus systems for prediction of human norovirus infectivity have been presented. The purpose of this review is to present the multiple recent techniques used to assess human norovirus infectivity, including recently described human norovirus in vitro cultivation systems, cultivable surrogate viruses, animal models, and alternative molecular techniques, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages in the context of determining human norovirus infectivity.

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Citations

Feb 13, 2020·Journal of Food Protection·Neda NasheriSabah Bidawid
Sep 26, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Walter RandazzoJan Vinjé
Aug 7, 2020·Food and Environmental Virology·Caroline E R Rowell, Hana M Dobrovolny
Mar 14, 2020·Foods·Lingling Liu, Matthew D Moore
May 4, 2021·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Jade DerrickMiren Iturriza-Gómara
Jun 30, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Min YangDeqing Zhou
Aug 1, 2021·Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis·Xi-Feng QianXu-Guang Guo
Jul 7, 2020·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Andrew D YoungerMickael Teixeira Alves

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