Predicting the activation states of the muscles governing upper esophageal sphincter relaxation and opening

American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
Taher OmariT M McCulloch

Abstract

The swallowing muscles that influence upper esophageal sphincter (UES) opening are centrally controlled and modulated by sensory information. Activation and deactivation of neural inputs to these muscles, including the intrinsic cricopharyngeus (CP) and extrinsic submental (SM) muscles, results in their mechanical activation or deactivation, which changes the diameter of the lumen, alters the intraluminal pressure, and ultimately reduces or promotes flow of content. By measuring the changes in diameter, using intraluminal impedance, and the concurrent changes in intraluminal pressure, it is possible to determine when the muscles are passively or actively relaxing or contracting. From these "mechanical states" of the muscle, the neural inputs driving the specific motor behaviors of the UES can be inferred. In this study we compared predictions of UES mechanical states directly with the activity measured by electromyography (EMG). In eight subjects, pharyngeal pressure and impedance were recorded in parallel with CP- and SM-EMG activity. UES pressure and impedance swallow profiles correlated with the CP-EMG and SM-EMG recordings, respectively. Eight UES muscle states were determined by using the gradient of pressure and impedance...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 14, 2017·Otolaryngology--head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery·Sebastian Heinrich DoeltgenTaher Omari
Mar 16, 2017·Current Gastroenterology Reports·Charles Cock, Taher Omari
Aug 14, 2018·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·Sebastian H DoeltgenTaher Omari
Oct 28, 2016·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Jingbo Zhao, Hans Gregersen
Mar 1, 2016·Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience·Richard E LeibbrandtTaher I Omari
Oct 26, 2016·Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Rosemary Martino, Timothy McCulloch
Aug 28, 2016·Dysphagia·Chelsea C WalczakTimothy M McCulloch

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