Prediction and attenuation of seasonal spillover of parasites between wild and domestic ungulates in an arid mixed-use system

The Journal of Applied Ecology
Josephine G WalkerEric R Morgan

Abstract

Transmission of parasites between host species affects host population dynamics, interspecific competition, and ecosystem structure and function. In areas where wild and domestic herbivores share grazing land, management of parasites in livestock may affect or be affected by sympatric wildlife due to cross-species transmission.We develop a novel method for simulating transmission potential based on both biotic and abiotic factors in a semi-arid system in Botswana. Optimal timing of antiparasitic treatment in livestock is then compared under a variety of alternative host scenarios, including seasonally migrating wild hosts.In this region, rainfall is the primary driver of seasonality of transmission, but wildlife migration leads to spatial differences in the effectiveness of treatment in domestic animals. Additionally, competent migratory wildlife hosts move parasites across the landscape.Simulated transmission potential matches observed patterns of clinical disease in livestock in the study area. Increased wildlife contact is correlated with a decrease in disease, suggesting that non-competent wild hosts may attenuate transmission by removing infective parasite larvae from livestock pasture.Optimising the timing of treatment ac...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 28, 2019·International Journal for Parasitology. Drugs and Drug Resistance·Jane E HodgkinsonEileen Devaney

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R
FAMACHA
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deSolve
GLOWORM

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