Prediction models in women with postmenopausal bleeding: a systematic review

Women's Health
N van HanegemAnne Timmermans

Abstract

Postmenopausal bleeding is associated with an elevated risk of having endometrial cancer. The aim of this review is to give an overview of existing prediction models on endometrial cancer in women with postmenopausal bleeding. In a systematic search of the literature, we identified nine prognostic studies, of which we assessed the quality, the different phases of development and their performance. From these data, we identified the most important predictor variables. None of the detected models completed external validation or impact analysis. Models including power Doppler showed best performance in internal validation, but Doppler in general gynecological practice is not easily accessible. We can conclude that we have indications that the first step in the approach of women with postmenopausal bleeding should be to distinguish between women with low risk versus high risk of having endometrial carcinoma and the next step would be to refer patients for further (invasive) testing.

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Citations

Mar 14, 2014·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·Nicolas WentzensenMark E Sherman
Feb 20, 2015·International Journal of Gynecological Cancer : Official Journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society·Marianne Jetske RuttenMarrije Renate Buist
Jun 16, 2017·Substance Abuse : Research and Treatment·Carly E MillirenRenee M Johnson

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