Prediction of Shoulder Pain in Youth Competitive Swimmers: The Development and Internal Validation of a Prognostic Prediction Model.

The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Stef FeijenFilip Struyf

Abstract

Knowledge of predictors for shoulder pain in swimmers can assist professionals working with the athlete in developing optimal prevention strategies. However, study methodology and limited available data have constrained a comprehensive understanding of which factors cause shoulder pain. To investigate risk factors and develop and internally validate a multivariable prognostic model for the prediction of shoulder pain in swimmers. Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. A total of 201 pain-free club- to international-level competitive swimmers were followed for 2 consecutive seasons. The cohort consisted of 96 male (mean ± SD age, 13.9 ± 2.2 years) and 105 female (13.9 ± 2.2 years) swimmers. Demographic, sport-specific, and musculoskeletal characteristics were assessed every 6 months. Swim-training exposure was observed prospectively. Shoulder pain interfering with training was the primary outcome. Multiple imputation was used to cope with missing data. The final model was estimated using multivariable logistic regression. We applied bootstrapping to internally validate the model and correct for overoptimism. A total of 42 new cases of shoulder pain were recorded during the study. Average duration of follow-up was 1.1 years. Predict...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1991·The American Journal of Sports Medicine·M L ScovazzoJ Kerrigan
Jan 1, 1993·The American Journal of Sports Medicine·W C McMaster, J Troup
Jun 1, 1996·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·K Bak
Oct 15, 1996·Statistics in Medicine·M Mittlböck, M Schemper
Mar 1, 1997·The American Journal of Sports Medicine·K Bak, P Faunø
Jun 5, 1998·Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases·D A van der WindtL M Bouter
Mar 3, 1999·Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics·P Philippe, O Mansi
Jan 27, 2000·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·T YanaiG F Miller
Jan 27, 2000·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·T Yanai, J G Hay
Feb 29, 2000·Journal of Clinical Epidemiology·G J van der HeijdenL M Bouter
Mar 29, 2000·The Orthopedic Clinics of North America·M M Pink, J E Tibone
May 8, 2003·Intensive Care Medicine·Joachim E FischerRoman Jaeschke
Apr 7, 2006·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·Brian G LegginGerald R Williams
Apr 25, 2008·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·John D Borstad
May 9, 2008·British Journal of Sports Medicine·Mya Lay SeinGeorge A C Murrell
Jan 1, 1992·The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy·M L BeachS Dickoff-Hoffman
Sep 23, 2009·Journal of Athletic Training·Filip StruyfRomain Meeusen
Apr 11, 2012·Journal of Athletic Training·Angela TateLori A Michener
Jul 24, 2012·British Journal of Sports Medicine·Filip StruyfRomain Meeusen
Oct 17, 2012·Physical Therapy in Sport : Official Journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine·Helen WalkerKim Bennell
Jul 17, 2013·Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH·J M T HendriksenJ A H de Groot
May 3, 2014·Sports Health·Bonnie ViragJoseph B Myers
Sep 15, 2015·The Physician and Sportsmedicine·Lee HillMichael Posthumus
Nov 29, 2015·British Journal of Sports Medicine·M MountjoyK M Khan
Feb 13, 2017·British Journal of Sports Medicine·Filip StruyfLori A Michener
May 25, 2018·Physical Therapy in Sport : Official Journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine·Stef FeijenFilip Struyf
Nov 30, 2018·Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport·Sally J McLaineJames W Fell
Jan 8, 2019·International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance·Franco M ImpellizzeriAaron J Coutts

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 1, 2021·The American Journal of Sports Medicine·Garrett S Bullock, Gary S Collins

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

R
R Foundation for Statistical Computing

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.