Predictive biomarkers and tumor microenvironment in female genital melanomas: a multi-institutional study of 55 cases

Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc
Ying YuPhilip P C Ip

Abstract

Female genital melanomas are rare. At diagnosis, most affected patients have advanced disease. Surgery remains the primary treatment, and adjuvant therapy is largely ineffective. Recently, immune checkpoints and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway have been explored as treatment targets. However, evaluation of these biomarkers in genital melanomas is limited. We evaluated the clinicopathological features of 20 vulvar, 32 vaginal, and three cervical melanomas and assessed programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte density, mismatch repair proteins, VE1 immunohistochemistry, and KIT and BRAF mutations. The median age of the patients was 66 years, and median tumor sizes were 25, 30, and 20 mm for vulvar, vaginal, and cervical tumors, respectively. Mean mitotic figures were 18, 19, and 30 per mm2. Thirty-seven patients (67%) had operable tumors. After a median follow-up of 15 months, only nine patients (16%) were alive. Eight of the nine survivors did not have lymph node metastasis. Using 5% as the threshold, PD-L1 expression was observed in 55%, 50%, and 33% of vulvar, vaginal, and cervical tumors, respectively, when the Roche SP263 antibody was used and 20%, 53%, and 0%, respecti...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 3, 2020·The American Journal of Dermatopathology·Jakob M T MoranMai P Hoang
Dec 31, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Fulvio BorellaLeonardo Micheletti
Aug 9, 2021·Cytopathology : Official Journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology·Joanna K M NgJacqueline H S Lee
Aug 28, 2021·Antioxidants·Kai-Fan TsaiChien-Te Lee

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsy
electrophoresis
biopsies
surgical resection
dissection

Software Mentioned

Chromas
SPSS Statistics

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