Abstract
Factors in the middle age that are associated with the risk for development of diastolic dysfunction in long term are not fully established. The Oulu Project Elucidating Risk of Atherosclerosis OPERA study randomly selected middle-aged subjects with hypertension and age- and gender-matched control subjects (n = 1,045, age 51 ± 6 years, men 49.8%). After >20 years of follow-up, majority of the subjects still alive were available for reexaminations (n = 600). After excluding the subjects with mitral regurgitation, left ventricular ejection fraction <50%, and those from whom echocardiographic septal E/E' could not be reliably measured, the present analysis included 460 subjects. E/E' was divided into 3 subgroups (subgroup 1: E/E' ≤8, subgroup 2: 8 < E/E' < 15, subgroup 3: E/E' ≥15), subgroup 3 suggesting a significant diastolic dysfunction. Several baseline variables were associated with diastolic dysfunction: greater age (p = 0.001), female gender (p = 0.001), shorter height (p <0.001), larger body mass index (p = 0.008), greater systolic blood pressure (p = 0.001), greater pulse pressure (p <0.001), lower baroreflex sensitivity (p = 0.007), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.02), greater atrial natriuretic peptide...Continue Reading
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