Predictors of Response to 4-Aminopyridine in Chronic Canine Spinal Cord Injury

Journal of Neurotrauma
Melissa J LewisNatasha J Olby

Abstract

4-Aminopyridine (4AP), a potassium channel antagonist, can improve hindlimb motor function in dogs with chronic thoracolumbar spinal cord injury (SCI); however, individual response is variable. We hypothesized that injury characteristics would differ between dogs that do and do not respond to 4AP. Our objective was to compare clinical, electrodiagnostic, gait, and imaging variables between dogs that do and do not respond to 4AP, to identify predictors of response. Thirty-four dogs with permanent deficits after acute thoracolumbar SCI were enrolled. Spasticity, motor and sensory evoked potentials (MEPs, SEPs), H-reflex, F-waves, gait scores, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were evaluated at baseline and after 4AP administration. Baseline variables were assessed as predictors of response; response was defined as ≥1 point change in open field gait score. Variables were compared pre- and post-4AP to evaluate 4AP effects. Fifteen of 33 (45%) dogs were responders, 18/33 (55%) were non-responders and 1 was eliminated because of an adverse event. Pre-H-reflex threshold <1.2 mA predicted non-response; pre-H-reflex threshold >1.2 mA and Canine Spasticity Scale overall score <7 were predictive of r...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1994·Journal of Neurotrauma·K C HayesA R Blight
Apr 1, 1997·Journal of Neurotrauma·K C Hayes, B A Kakulas
Dec 28, 1999·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·K J SmithG R John
Oct 11, 2001·American Journal of Veterinary Research·N J OlbyB W Keene
Sep 17, 2009·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·N J OlbyM Papich
Mar 7, 2014·BMC Veterinary Research·Natasha J OlbyAudrey Muguet-Chanoit
Feb 17, 2015·Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery·Byron A Kakulas, Cahyono Kaelan
Jun 27, 2017·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Melissa J Lewis, Natasha J Olby

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Citations

Aug 26, 2020·Journal of Neurotrauma·Zachary F StielperNicholas W Gilpin
Jan 11, 2020·Scientific Reports·Sofia Rodríguez-RangelJorge E Sánchez-Rodríguez
Oct 17, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Melissa J LewisUNKNOWN Canine Spinal Cord Injury Consortium (CANSORT-SCI)
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Melissa J LewisUNKNOWN Canine Spinal Cord Injury Consortium (CANSORT-SCI)
Aug 28, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Ângela MartinsAntónio Ferreira

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sedation

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