Predominant role of host genetics in controlling the composition of gut microbiota.

PloS One
Zaruhi A KhachatryanRustam I Aminov

Abstract

The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by a very diverse symbiotic microbiota, the composition of which depends on host genetics and the environment. Several studies suggested that the host genetics may influence the composition of gut microbiota but no genes involved in host control were proposed. We investigated the effects of the wild type and mutated alleles of the gene, which encodes the protein called pyrin, one of the regulators of innate immunity, on the composition of gut commensal bacteria. Mutations in MEFV lead to the autoinflammatory disorder, familial Mediterranean fever (FMF, MIM249100), which is characterized by recurrent self-resolving attacks of fever and polyserositis, with no clinical signs of disease in remission. A total of 19 FMF patients and eight healthy individuals were genotyped for mutations in the MEFV gene and gut bacterial diversity was assessed by sequencing 16S rRNA gene libraries and FISH analysis. These analyses demonstrated significant changes in bacterial community structure in FMF characterized by depletion of total numbers of bacteria, loss of diversity, and major shifts in bacterial populations within the Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla in attack. In remission wi...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AF111163
EU531867-EU532010
EU532765-EU533948

Methods Mentioned

BETA
genotyping
glycosylation
PCR
flow cytometry
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

Quantimet
DNADIST
RDP
Chimera Check
CLUSTALX
DOTUR ( Distance - Based OTU and Richness )
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool ( BLAST )
Statsoft Statistica
ChromasPro
DOTUR

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