Preferred peptide backbone conformations in the unfolded state revealed by the structure analysis of alanine-based (AXA) tripeptides in aqueous solution

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Fatma EkerReinhard Schweitzer-Stenner

Abstract

We have combined Fourier transform IR, polarized Raman spectroscopy, and vibrational CD measurements of the amide I' band profile of alanyl-X-alanine tripeptides in (2)H(2)O to obtain the dihedral angles of their central amino acid residue. X represents glycine, valine, methionine, histidine, serine, proline, lysine, leucine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. The experimental data were analyzed by means of a recently developed algorithm, which exploits the excitonic coupling between the amide modes of the two peptide groups. The results were checked by measuring the respective electronic CD spectra. The investigated peptides can be sorted into three classes. Valine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, histidine, and serine predominantly adopt an extended beta-strand conformation. Cationic lysine and proline prefer a polyproline II-like structure. Alanine, methionine, glycine, and leucine populate these two conformations with comparable probability. Our results are in variance with the prediction of the random-coil model, but supportive of Flory's isolated-pair hypothesis. We combined the obtained structural propensities of the investigated residues and similar information about other residues in the literature (i.e., glutamate, a...Continue Reading

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