Pregastric esterase and other oral lipases--a review

Journal of Dairy Science
J H NelsonR E Pitas

Abstract

The secretion of pregastric esterase and other oral lipases has been detected in 13 species. Research on secretion by the human, calf, kid goat, lamb, and rat of pregastric esterase has been significant. Secretion by calves is little affected by age or diet but is greater when calves are nipple fed than when pail fed. Whole milk sham-fed to calves exhibits immediate, sharp decreases in pH and rennet coagulation time resulting from liberation of free fatty acids by pregastric esterase. Bacterial counts in sham-fed products are higher than in control (nonfed) products, but during subsequent incubation bacterial numbers increase less rapidly in sham-fed products. Calf pregastric esterase is a major fat digestive enzyme in young calves but gradually becomes subsidiary to pancreatic lipase as secretion of the latter develops with age. Calf, kid goat, and lamb pregastric esterase exhibits optimum activity on milk fat but is capable of splitting other dietary fats. Data on oral and "gastric" lipases in calves, humans, and rats suggests that gastric lipase is oral lipase. Data on pH and temperature optima as well as activation and inhibition of oral lipases is contradictory but appears to vary considerably between species. Calf pregast...Continue Reading

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