Pregnancy, parity and periodontal disease

Australian Dental Journal
E L MorelliW M Thomson

Abstract

Many women believe that their dental condition deteriorated during pregnancy or as a result of having children. Epidemiological studies have reported an association between higher parity and tooth loss, and higher parity and periodontal attachment loss. Several possible explanations for this association exist. First, hormonal changes during pregnancy affect the immune response to bacterial plaque and drive vascular and gingival changes that may contribute to heightened gingival inflammation. These changes are transient, without irreversible loss of periodontal attachment, and post-partum resolution can be expected for most women. For women with destructive periodontal disease, the effects of pregnancy and parity are unclear. Second, it is also plausible that parity and socioeconomic position (SEP) have shared risk factors, increasing the incidence of disease or influencing its management. Education, one aspect of SEP, is an important determining factor for women's fertility rate, with a gradient of fewer children with higher educational attainment. Higher levels of education are also favourably associated with behaviours conducive to oral health, and a lower incidence of damaging health behaviours. Thus, the potential for confo...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 6, 2020·International Dental Journal·Bruno Gualtieri JesuinoSilvia Helena de Carvalho Sales-Peres
Dec 6, 2019·PloS One·Elizabeth O Oziegbe, Lynne A Schepartz
Dec 1, 2020·Journal of Periodontology·Sarah Dos Santos ConceiçãoSimone Seixas da Cruz
Dec 20, 2020·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Elizabeth O Oziegbe, Lynne A Schepartz
Jan 29, 2021·The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine·Shigeo IshikawaMitsuyoshi Iino
Apr 1, 2021·Women's Health Reports·Akira TaguchiKunihiko Hayashi
Jun 15, 2021·Journal of Public Health Dentistry·Emma L MorelliW Murray Thomson
Jul 3, 2021·Pathogens·Milan TerzicAntonio Simone Laganà

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