Prehypertension during pregnancy and risk of small for gestational age: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
Chunxia CaoYuming Li

Abstract

Emerging evidence shows that high blood pressure level even below 140/90 mmHg during pregnancy is associated with increased risk for maternal and infant complications. The meta-analysis evaluated the associations between prehypertension (blood pressure 120-139/80-89 mmHg) during pregnancy and the risk of small for gestational age (SGA), as well as the impact of prehypertension on birth weight. Databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) were searched for cohort studies with data on prehypertension in pregnancy and adverse obstetrical outcomes, including small for gestational age (SGA) and/or birth weight. The relative risks (RRs) of SGA and weighted mean differences (WMD) in birth weight (BW) were calculated and reported with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). We calculated pooled relative risks using fixed- and random-effects models. A total of 143 835 participants from five cohort studies were included. Prehypertension in pregnancy increased the risk of SGA (RR 1.59, 95%CI 1.44-1.76, p < 0.00001) and lowered birth weight (WMD -13.71, 95% CI -83.28-55.87, p = 0.70) compared with optimal blood pressure (< 120/80 mmHg). In subgroup analyses, for prehypertension in late pregnancy, the risk of SGA was significantly higher tha...Continue Reading

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