Preliminary Data on the Safety of Phytoene- and Phytofluene-Rich Products for Human Use including Topical Application

Journal of Toxicology
Fabien HavasLiki von Oppen-Bezalel

Abstract

The colorless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene are comparatively understudied compounds found in common foods (e.g., tomatoes) and in human plasma, internal tissues, and skin. Being naturally present in common foods, their intake at dietary levels is not expected to present a safety concern. However, since the interest in these compounds in the context of many applications is expanding, it is important to conduct studies aimed at assessing their safety. We present here results of in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity studies, revealing no significant cytotoxic or genotoxic potential and of short- and long-term human in vivo skin compatibility studies with phytoene- and phytofluene-rich tomato and Dunaliella salina alga extracts, showing a lack of irritancy or sensitization reactions. These results support the safe use of phytoene- and phytofluene-rich products in human topical applications.

References

Nov 20, 1995·Analytical Biochemistry·B SallesG J Fournié
May 30, 1998·Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine·N I Krinsky
Jun 13, 2000·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·F Delgado-VargasO Paredes-López
Aug 22, 2000·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology·T R HataL K Pershing
Dec 12, 2001·The Journal of Nutrition·E Kotake-NaraA Nagao
Mar 7, 2002·The Journal of Nutrition·Myriam RichelleElizabeth A Offord
Jul 12, 2002·The Urologic Clinics of North America·Elizabeth C MillerSteven K Clinton
Nov 9, 2002·Experimental Biology and Medicine·Frederick KhachikNikita B Katz
Apr 4, 2003·The Journal of Nutrition·Alison J EdwardsBeverly A Clevidence
Jan 22, 2004·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Betty K IshidaThomas A McKeon
Mar 9, 2004·Progress in Lipid Research·Paul D Fraser, Peter M Bramley
Apr 16, 2005·International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift für Vitamin- und Ernährungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition·Olivier AustUlrike Heinrich
Nov 29, 2005·Molecular Aspects of Medicine·Norman I Krinsky, Elizabeth J Johnson
Jul 20, 2006·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Chang-Jie XuPeter M Bramley
Oct 20, 2006·Breast Cancer Research and Treatment·Keren HirschYoav Sharoni
Dec 19, 2006·Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology·Bryan FullerDale Kern
May 29, 2007·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Veridiana V de Rosso, Adriana Z Mercadante
Apr 30, 2008·Plant Foods for Human Nutrition·Aviv ShaishAmi Ben-Amotz
May 15, 2008·The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology·Yoshikazu TanakaAkemi Ohmiya
Jan 1, 1990·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·S J ReaderM Balls
Jan 3, 2012·Advances in Nutrition·Nancy J EngelmannJohn W Erdman
Mar 1, 2012·Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology·Talita Pizza Anunciato, Pedro Alves da Rocha Filho
Oct 12, 2012·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Elizabeth J Johnson
Jan 24, 2015·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·Antonio J Meléndez-MartínezCarla M Stinco

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 6, 2019·Toxicology Reports·Farouk K El-BazAbeer A A Salama
Jul 3, 2021·Antioxidants·Luciana de Souza GuedesAndré Rolim Baby

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
T G TornabeneS L Peterson
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
G MackinneyJ A Jenkins
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
D A BEELER, J W PORTER
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved