Prenatal alcohol exposure and prenatal stress differentially alter glucocorticoid signaling in the placenta and fetal brain

Neuroscience
Ni LanJoanne Weinberg

Abstract

Adverse intrauterine environments increase vulnerability to chronic diseases across the lifespan. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which integrates multiple neuronal signals and ultimately controls the response to stressors, may provide a final common pathway linking early adversity and adult diseases. Both prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and prenatal stress (PS) induce a hyperresponsive HPA phenotype in adulthood. As glucocorticoids are pivotal for the normal development of many fetal tissues including the brain, we used animal models of PAE and PS to investigate possible mechanisms underlying fetal programing of glucocorticoid signaling in the placenta and fetal brain at gestation day (GD) 21. We found that both PAE and PS dams had higher corticosterone (CORT) levels than control dams. However, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2) enzyme levels were increased in PAE and unchanged in PS placentae, although there were no differences in 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) levels. Moreover, only PAE fetuses showed decreased body weight and increased placental weight, and hence a lower fetal/placental weight ratio, a marker of placenta efficiency, compared to all other prenatal groups. Im...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 10, 2015·Molecular Human Reproduction·Rayana Leal LunaB Anne Croy
Sep 28, 2016·Neuroscience·Susanne Brummelte
Oct 5, 2017·Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire·Ana Hanlon-DearmanHeather Carmichael Olson
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Oct 24, 2018·Endocrine Connections·Legh WilkinsonAnn Louw
Aug 3, 2018·Development and Psychopathology·Anja C Huizink, Susanne R de Rooij
Dec 18, 2019·Médecine sciences : M/S·Camille SautreuilBruno J Gonzalez
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Dec 7, 2016·Environmental Epigenetics·Peter D FransquetUNKNOWN Triple B Research Consortium
May 22, 2020·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Juan LuHui Wang
May 6, 2021·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Kerstin Camile CreutzbergMarco Andrea Riva

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