Prep1, A Homeodomain Transcription Factor Involved in Glucose and Lipid Metabolism

Frontiers in Endocrinology
Francesco OrienteFrancesco Beguinot

Abstract

The three-amino acid loop extension (TALE) homeodomain proteins are a family of transcription factor including the mammalian Pbx, MEIS and Prep proteins. TALE proteins can bind other transcription factors such as Pdx-1 and play an important role in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Experiments performed in mutant mice have shown that while the single Pbx1 or Pdx-1 knockout mice feature pancreatic islet malformations, impaired glucose tolerance and hypoinsulinemia, the trans-heterozygous Pbx1+/-Pdx1+/- mice develop age-dependent overt diabetes mellitus. In contrast, Prep1 plays a different role with respect to these proteins. Indeed, Prep1 hypomorphic mice, expressing low levels of protein, feature pancreatic islet hypoplasia accompanied by hypoinsulinemia similar to Pbx1 or Pdx1. Nevertheless, these animals show increased insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue accompanied by protection from streptozotocin-induced diabetes. In addition, Prep1 hypomorphic mice feature reduced triglyceride synthesis and do not develop steatohepatitis after a methionine and coline deficient diet. In this review we have underlined how important metabolic functions are controlled by TALE proteins, in particular by Prep1,...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 28, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Giorgia MaroniMaria Cristina Magli
Nov 11, 2020·BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology·Nikki NaimArjumand Ghazi
Nov 11, 2020·Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association·Wei TianJin-Kui Yang
Jul 31, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Andreina BrunoElisabetta Pace

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