Prescription monitoring programs and emergency department visits involving benzodiazepine misuse: Early evidence from 11 United States metropolitan areas

The International Journal on Drug Policy
Marcus A BachhuberJoanna L Starrels

Abstract

Emergency department (ED) visits involving benzodiazepines have increased in the United States. Most states have created prescription monitoring programs (PMPs) to improve drug prescribing safety. To determine the association between PMP implementation and ED visits involving benzodiazepine misuse, we conducted a retrospective analysis of data from 11 metropolitan areas in the United States from 2004 to 2011. We estimated rates of ED visits per 100,000 residents involving benzodiazepine misuse from the Drug Abuse Warning Network dataset. Dates of PMP implementation were obtained from program administrators. We used linear regression models to assess whether PMP implementation was associated with a change in ED visits involving benzodiazepines. Models were adjusted for calendar quarter, metropolitan area, and metropolitan area-specific linear time trends. Rates of ED visits involving benzodiazepine misuse increased in all metropolitan areas during the study period. PMP implementation was not associated with a change in ED visits (mean difference: 0.9 [95% CI: -0.09 to 1.9] visits per 100,000 population per quarter; p=0.08). When analyzed by number of years after implementation, PMPs were associated with a higher visit rate in ye...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 1, 2016·The International Journal on Drug Policy·Monica J BarrattAdam R Winstock
Aug 16, 2016·The International Journal on Drug Policy·Monica J Barratt, Judith Aldridge
Oct 1, 2016·The Journal of Emergency Medicine·Sara E PueningKimberly Nordstrom
Sep 21, 2016·The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse·Erin R McKnightSteven C Matson
Feb 6, 2019·Epidemiology·Alvaro Castillo-CarnigliaMagdalena Cerdá
Nov 8, 2019·Substance Abuse : Official Publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse·Di LiangYuyan Shi
Dec 11, 2019·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Erin OldenhofPetra K Staiger
Oct 18, 2020·Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine·Adam SigalCharles Barbera
Aug 31, 2020·Addictive Behaviors·R Kathryn McHughRoger D Weiss
Jan 3, 2021·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Heather D MartinSue S Feldman

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