Presence of cholinomimetic and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory constituents in betel nut

Life Sciences
Anwar H GilaniAsaad Khalid

Abstract

In this investigation, we report the presence of cholinomimetic and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory constituents in betel nut, the most commonly used drug in the world after tobacco, ethanol and caffeine. The crude extract of betel nuts or Areca catechu (Ac.Cr) caused a dose-dependent (0.3-300 microg/mL) spasmogenic effect in the isolated rabbit jejunum. The spasmogenic effect was blocked by atropine, similar to that of acetylcholine (ACh), suggestive of muscarinic receptor mediated effect. Both the extract (0.3-10 microg/mL) and physostigmine (0.1-3.0 microM) potentiated the effect of a fixed dose of ACh (10 microM) in a dose-dependent fashion, suggesting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effect. This effect was confirmed in the in vitro assay where both the crude extract (1-100 microg/mL) and physostigmine inhibited the enzyme. In the in vivo model of gastrointestinal transit, Ac.Cr (10-30 mg/kg) enhanced the travel of charcoal meal and also exhibited a laxative effect in mice. The plant extract was subjected to activity-directed fractionation and all resultant fractions showed atropine-sensitive spasmogenicity in rabbit jejunum and also AChE inhibitory effect at doses similar to that for the parent crude extract,...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 15, 2011·Zhong xi yi jie he xue bao = Journal of Chinese integrative medicine·Muhammad Nabeel GhayurAnwarul Hassan Gilani
Jun 26, 2013·International Journal of Medical Sciences·Wei-Chung TsaiWen-Ter Lai
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Oct 19, 2011·Phytotherapy Research : PTR·Saima AbbasAnwarul Hassan Gilani
Oct 29, 2009·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Yan-Ping SunJian-Hui Liang
Oct 28, 2004·Journal of Ethnopharmacology·Anwarul Hassan Gilani, M Nabeel Ghayur
Jan 16, 2013·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Muhammad Nabeel GhayurLuke Jeffrey Janssen
Apr 20, 2011·Journal of Ethnopharmacology·Shagufta KhanAnwarul-Hassan Gilani
Mar 31, 2015·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Abulimiti AdilijiangXinMin Li
Mar 30, 2017·Journal of Asian Natural Products Research·Shao-Nan TangWen-Cai Ye
Nov 2, 2005·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·Muhammad Nabeel GhayurPeter J Houghton
May 20, 2017·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Zhi JiangZhi-Qiang Chen
Mar 11, 2017·Natural Product Research·Mina SaeediMohammad Reza Shams Ardekani
Oct 3, 2020·Scientific Reports·Elizabeth Fitriana SariNicola Cirillo
Aug 23, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Ruth E BarrientosJavier Echeverría
Jun 20, 2020·Cell Proliferation·Wei-Dong LiMinghui Zhao
Nov 13, 2010·Natural Product Reports·Philip WilliamsMelanie-Jayne R Howes

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