PMID: 11899757Mar 20, 2002Paper

Pressure sores in intensive care: defining their incidence and associated factors and assessing the utility of two pressure sore risk assessment tools

Australian Critical Care : Official Journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses
M Boyle, M Green

Abstract

Patients in intensive care units (ICU) are at high risk of developing pressure sores and the use of pressure sore risk tools has been advocated as a means of identifying patients at risk. A prospective multi-site observational study was conducted to define the incidence of pressure sores, assess two pressure sore risk scales and to define risk factors relevant to intensive care. Patients (n = 534) were assessed for the presence of pressure sores. The Waterlow and Jackson/Cubbin risk scales were completed each day for 314 and 188 of these patients respectively. A total of 75 pressure sores were recorded. Of these, 34 were present on admission. Of the remaining 41, 16 were classified as Grade 1 and 24 as Grade 2 sores. The pressure sore (PS) incidence was 5.2 per cent. Expressed as PS/1000 patient days there were 18.48 pressure sores per 1000 patient days. The ability of the risk scores to predict pressure sores was tested using a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. The association of risk score with pressure sores was analysed using a survival function (Kaplan Meier) and variables compared using a logrank test (Mantel-Cox). Factors associated with pressure sore occurrence were developed and tested using a survival ...Continue Reading

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