Prevalence and Distribution of Avian Influenza Viruses in Domestic Ducks at the Waterfowl-Chicken Interface in Wetlands

Pathogens
Mohammad M HassanMohamed E El Zowalaty

Abstract

Ducks are a natural reservoir of influenza A viruses (IAVs) and can act as a reassortment vessel. Wetlands, such as Hakaluki and Tanguar haor in Bangladesh, have unique ecosystems including domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) rearing, especially household and free-range ducks. A cross-sectional study was, therefore, conducted to explore avian influenza status and its distribution and risk factors in the wetland areas. During the three consecutive winters of 2015-2017, specifically in December of these years, we collected a total of 947 samples including blood, oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs from domestic ducks (free-range duck (n = 312 samples) and household ducks (n = 635 samples) in wetlands. We screened serum samples using a nucleoprotein competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) to estimate seroprevalence of IAV antibodies and swab samples by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) to detect IA viral M gene. Eleven (11) M gene positive samples were subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Serological and viral prevalence rates of IAVs were 63.8% (95% CI: 60.6-66.8) and 10.7% (8.8-12.8), respectively. Serological and viral RNA prevalence rates were 51.8% (95% CI:...Continue Reading

References

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Jun 13, 2018·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·Mohammad Mahmudul HassanMarcel Klaassen

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
MT512586
MN704598
MN704599
MH791599
MH791754
MT09417

Methods Mentioned

BETA
Enzyme-Linked
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
c-ELISA

Software Mentioned

Excel
One
MEGA
ArcGIS
BLAST
FLUACAver
- ArcMap

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