Prevalence of hepatitis G virus and its strain variant, the GB agent, in blood donations and their transmission to recipients

Transfusion
W Kurt RothErhard Seifried

Abstract

Hepatitis G virus (HGV) and its strain variant, the GB agent (GBV-C) are independent isolates of a recently identified non-A through -E hepatitis virus. Prevalence in United States volunteer blood donors is 1.5 to 1.9 percent, but no data on European blood donors are available. Epidemiologic data suggest a preferred parenteral transmission route. The prevalence of HGV/GBV-C in European blood donors and the efficiency of transmission to transfusion recipients were investigated. Plasma samples from unpaid volunteer German blood donors were tested for HGV/GBV-C by in-house reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Positive donors were independently retested and interviewed for parenteral transmission risks. Amplification products were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Recipients of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-positive donations were traced and tested for HGV/GBV-C infection. A total of 14 (1.34%) of 1048 donors (alanine aminotransferase < 45 IU/L) were repeatedly positive for HGV/GBV-C with 9 (2.18%) of 413 urban and 5 (0.78%) of 635 rural donors (chi 2-test; p = 0.04). Isolates differed in nucleotide sequence homology over a range of 12.5 to 19.6 percent. All but one positive donor repor...Continue Reading

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