Prevalence of HIV-1 Infection in an elderly rural population and associations with neurocognitive impairment

AIDS
John A JoskaCeleste A De Jager

Abstract

We explored the prevalence of HIV infection in older rural South Africans and its associations, as well as the point prevalence of dementia and its associations with HIV and aging. We utilized a cross-sectional analytic design. Using the brief Community Screening Instrument for Dementia together with a rapid HIV test, we conducted a home-based screening survey among 1150 older South Africans. We explored the prevalence of HIV and dementia, and their associations using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. The HIV prevalence was 4.78%. Overall, participants were on average 71.3 years old, with nearly 70% having no primary school education. HIV+ participants were significantly younger, more likely to be single and had lower BMI. The overall dementia prevalence was 11.04%. HIV+ participants had higher rates of dementia compared with HIV- participants (18.18 vs. 10.68%) but the difference was NS. In adjusted analysis, screened dementia was associated with older age, the presence of self-reported depression and HIV+ status. Participants were also more likely to self-report cognitive impairment if they were older, depressed and had objective evidence of dementia. Infection with HIV in rural older South Africans is ...Continue Reading

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