Prevalence of mismatch repair-deficient crypt foci in Lynch syndrome: a pathological study

The Lancet Oncology
Matthias KloorHendrik Bläker

Abstract

Lynch syndrome is an inherited tumour predisposition syndrome caused by germline mutations of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Mutation carriers have a high risk of developing colorectal cancer, but do not present with polyposis, a typical feature of other colorectal cancer syndromes such as familial adenomatous polyposis, in which polyposis reflects the high frequency of biallelic APC gene inactivation. We asked whether in Lynch syndrome biallelic inactivation of MMR genes occurred at a similar frequency to that of APC gene, and whether MMR inactivation resulted in detectable lesions within the intestinal mucosa. Resections done for small and large bowel cancer between January, 2002, and January, 2011, were retrieved. We systematically analysed non-tumorous mucosa from carriers of a Lynch syndrome mutation (set 1: ten patients) and control patients without Lynch syndrome (set 1: nine patients) for MMR protein expression (MLH1, MSH2, and EPCAM) with immunohistochemistry. We validated the findings in an independent sample set (set 2: 30 Lynch syndrome patients, 79 controls). We did an analysis of microsatellite instability by PCR analysis to test lesions for mismatch repair deficiency. We applied a Poisson regression model to an...Continue Reading

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