Prevalence of oral herpes simplex virus reactivation in cancer patients: a comparison of different techniques of viral detection

Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine : Official Publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology
M DjuricJelena Milasin

Abstract

Oral reactivation of latent Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection may easily occur in cancer patients. Virus reactivation can cause oral mucosa damage, worsen already existing lesions caused by stomatotoxic effect of cancer therapy and, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic, ample spreading and promote viral transmission. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cell-culture and direct immunofluorescence have been used to determine the frequency of oral HSV reactivation in 60 patients undergoing chemotherapy for different malignancies. By means of PCR, the presence of viral DNA was detected in 71.7% of patients prior to chemotherapy and in 85.0% after chemotherapy. 33.3% of patients before and 40.0% after chemotherapy were viral-culture positive, while 3.3% of patients before and 11.7% after chemotherapy were positive as shown by direct immunofluorescence. No significant difference in HSV-1 reactivation was found before and after chemotherapy. In addition, no significant difference was found when comparing HSV-1 reactivation in patients with and without mucositis. HSV-2 was not detected in any of the patients. Reactivation of latent HSV is exceptionally frequent in cancer patients. The results of this study suggest that virus reactivation...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 2, 2011·Journal of Neuro-oncology·Alexander KofmanRoger Abounader
May 13, 2014·Mediators of Inflammation·T M HavermanF R Rozema
Dec 14, 2017·Endocrine-related Cancer·Victoria ByrdCharis Eng
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