Prevention and treatment of stroke in patients with hypertension

Clinical Therapeutics
Giuseppe Mancia

Abstract

Each year, stroke occurs in 30.9 million individuals worldwide and is responsible for approximately 4 million deaths. In the United States, it is the third leading cause of death, occurring with greater frequency than myocardial infarction in patients with hypertension. The greatest burden of stroke, apart from death, is serious long-term physical and mental disability. Stroke survivors often experience physical handicap, depression, and cognitive dysfunction, which together affect their daily functioning, quality of life, and survival. The treatment of stroke is associated with extremely high costs, with stroke-related illnesses responsible for >$49 billion in the United States in 2002. Despite intensive research efforts, few effective treatments are available once stroke has occurred; thus, stroke prevention should be a primary focus for all health care providers. The purpose of this article was to review the epidemiology and burden of stroke in terms of disability, quality of life, and cost of care, and to summarize the evidence for treatments having therapeutic benefit, with an emphasis on antihypertensive agents. Relevant studies were identified through a MEDLINE search of English-language articles published between 1990 a...Continue Reading

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