Prevention of Emergence Agitation with Ketamine in Rhinoplasty

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
Canser Yilmaz Demir, Nureddin Yuzkat

Abstract

Emergence agitation (EA), defined as restlessness, disorientation, excitation, and/or inconsolable crying, is a common phenomenon during early recovery from general anesthesia. In this study, we aimed to determine the (1) EA incidence after rhinoplasty operations in adults; (2) the effects of ketamine administered at sub-anesthetic doses just 20 min before the end of the surgery in rhinoplasty operations on agitation level, postoperative pain, side effects, and complications; and (3) to determine the risk factors for EA in adults after rhinoplasty. Totally 140 patients scheduled to undergo elective rhinoplasty were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients were equally and randomly divided into two groups: saline group (control group) (n = 70) and ketamine group (n = 70). Twenty minutes before surgery completion, 1 ml saline was administered via the intravenous (i.v.) route to the saline group, while 0.5 mg/kg ketamine was administered via i.v. patients in the ketamine group. The emergence agitation level of the patients was evaluated using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale just after extubation and in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). For postoperative pain evaluation, the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was scored (fr...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Oct 1, 2019·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Rebecca C O'NeillSteven P Davison
Mar 27, 2020·Korean journal of anesthesiology·Seok-Jin Lee, Tae-Yun Sung
Jan 12, 2021·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open·Bradley R HallPerry J Johnson
Nov 13, 2020·Anesthesia and Analgesia·Brian TollyIoanna Apostolidou
Oct 30, 2020·Journal of Pain Research·Cem Kıvılcım KaçarAbdulkadir Yektaş
Mar 26, 2021·Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology·Süheyla AbitağaoğluDilek Erdoğan Arı

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