Preventive antibiotics in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
Dawn NoltLinda Stork

Abstract

Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comes with a significant risk of life-threatening infection during periods of prolonged severe neutropenia. We studied the impact of preventive intravenous (IV) antibiotic administration at onset of absolute neutropenia on the incidence and outcome of life-threatening infections during treatment of childhood AML. This is a retrospective study on pediatric patients (aged 0-18 years) consecutively diagnosed with de novo AML and treated at a single institution from April 2005 through February 2013. Patients were treated on the Children's Oncology Group (COG) AAML0531 protocol or with a modified United Kingdom Medical Research Council (UK MRC) AML 10 regimen. Pertinent data were extracted from hard copy or electronic chart review. A total of 76 chemotherapy phases were analyzed from 29 patients. In each phase reported, preventive antibiotics were initiated when the daily absolute neutrophil count was <500 cells/mcl, before onset of fever. Seven episodes of bacteremia were documented with predominantly coagulase-negative staphylococci and viridans group streptococci. One infection-related death occurred, attributed to progressive respiratory failure occurring months after documented candidal...Continue Reading

References

Jun 19, 2003·Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease·David S BurgessThomas C Hardin
May 9, 2008·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Ben De PauwUNKNOWN National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) Consensus Group
Jan 6, 2011·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Alison G Freifeld Infectious Diseases Society of Americaa
Jul 29, 2011·Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·A-P MagiorakosD L Monnet
Sep 19, 2012·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Thomas LehrnbecherUNKNOWN International Pediatric Fever and Neutropenia Guideline Panel

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Citations

Feb 25, 2017·Journal of Pediatric Hematology/oncology·Suha Al OmarRawad Rihani
Jan 9, 2020·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Nira Arad-CohenYael Shachor-Meyouhas
Aug 14, 2020·Pediatric Blood & Cancer·Brandon MaserSumit Gupta
Apr 2, 2021·Pediatric Hematology and Oncology·Renee PotashnerChana L Glasser

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