Primary and Secondary Variants of Psychopathy in a Volunteer Sample Are Associated With Different Neurocognitive Mechanisms

Biological Psychiatry : Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
Arjun SethiEssi Viding

Abstract

Recent work has indicated that there at least two distinct subtypes of psychopathy. Primary psychopathy is characterized by low anxiety and thought to result from a genetic predisposition, whereas secondary psychopathy is characterized by high anxiety and thought to develop in response to environmental adversity. Primary psychopathy is robustly associated with reduced neural activation to others' emotions and, in particular, distress. However, it has been proposed that the secondary presentation has different neurocognitive correlates. Primary (n = 50), secondary (n = 100), and comparison (n = 82) groups were drawn from a large volunteer sample (N = 1444) using a quartile-split approach across psychopathic trait (affective-interpersonal) and anxiety measures. Participants performed a widely utilized emotional face processing task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. The primary group showed reduced amygdala and insula activity in response to fear. The secondary group did not differ from the comparison group in these regions. Instead, the secondary group showed reduced activity compared with the comparison group in other areas, including the superior temporal sulcus/inferior parietal lobe, thalamus, pallidum, and substa...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 7, 2019·Journal of Neuropsychology·Kostas A FantiInti A Brazil
Jul 23, 2019·Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : the Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53·Kreshnik BuraniGreg Hajcak
Nov 11, 2019·Child Psychiatry and Human Development·Jiasheng HuangYuyin Wang
Apr 9, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·Kenneth Graham DrinkwaterAndrew Denovan
Oct 13, 2021·European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry·Yali JiangShuqiao Yao

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