Primary aromatic amines (PAAs) in black nylon and other food-contact materials, 2004-2009

Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment
X TrierJ H Petersen

Abstract

Primary aromatic amines (PAAs) were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in migrates from 234 samples of food-contact materials, including black nylon (polyamide) kitchen utensils (n = 136), coloured plastics (28), and clear/printed multilayer film/laminates (41), from retailers, importers, and food producers. A further 29 utensils in use were obtained from colleagues. Very high PAA migration was found from black nylon kitchen utensils to the food simulant 3% acetic acid: the 'non-detectable' limit (20 microg aniline equivalents kg(-1) food) was exceeded by up to 2100 times. All the other materials were compliant. The majority of the non-compliant utensils came from China. The predominant PAAs were aniline and 4,4'-methylenedianiline (4,4'-MDA). The frequency of violations decreased from the year 2004 (55%) to the autumn of 2005 (13%), possibly due to increased demands for in-house documentation, but they remained almost constant from 2005 to 2009. The validity of the results was shown by recovery studies, participation in proficiency testing, and comparative testing of utensils by two laboratories. Migration modelling was used to compare how various compliance migration test conditions influenc...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 2004·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Ioannis S Arvanitoyannis, Loulouda Bosnea
Mar 15, 2005·Food Additives and Contaminants·C Brede, I Skjevrak
Feb 8, 2008·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·G A KleterH J P Marvin

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Citations

Oct 28, 2011·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·E McCallB Foley
Oct 30, 2016·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Xiaoyi Fang, Olivier Vitrac
Nov 22, 2013·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·R Paseiro-CerratoT H Begley
Jul 6, 2014·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·Xiao-Kun OuYangLi-Ye Yang
May 6, 2016·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·Oguzhan YavuzCatherine Simoneau
Apr 13, 2018·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·Stefan MerkelAndreas Luch
Dec 19, 2019·Environmental Health Perspectives·Edo D PellizzariUNKNOWN (Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes)
May 26, 2017·Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz·Karla PfaffAndreas Luch
Jun 12, 2018·Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry·Morteza ShahrestaniSyed Waqif Husain
Jan 26, 2021·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·Rafael Paseiro-CerratoTimothy H Begley
Jun 28, 2021·Food Chemistry·Mary Ângela Favaro PerezCarla Beatriz Grespan Bottoli
Aug 11, 2021·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·Edoardo GalbiatiBruno De Meulenaer
Aug 28, 2021·Environment International·Sridhar Chinthakindi, Kurunthachalam Kannan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
infrared spectrometry
MDA
PAA

Software Mentioned

Rapid Alert System for ( RASFF
Migratest Lite

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